What is a Rack and Pinion Actuator?

  • Rack and pinion actuators are mechanical devices used to automatically open and close valves or dampers, usually for industrial applications.
  • “Rack and pinion” is a generic term for a pair of gears which convert linear motion into rotational motion. A linear gear bar called “the rack” engages teeth on a circular gear called "the pinion". The linear force exerted on the rack will cause rotational motion of the pinion.
  • For valve automation, a common actuator design uses two piston-type racks moving in opposite directions to ensure balanced forces on the pinion. Typically, pneumatic air pressure is used to power the actuator. By applying pressure to the piston racks, the pinion can be turned to the desired position. The pinion bottom connects to the valve stem to open and close the valve as the pinion turns.
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Bettis RPE-Series Rack & Pinion aluminum actuator
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